{"id":67108,"date":"2022-05-23T13:39:13","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T11:39:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/?p=67108"},"modified":"2022-05-23T14:31:59","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T12:31:59","slug":"musical-tedeschi-degli-anni-trenta-gli-artisti-e-la-persecuzione-nazista","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/musical-tedeschi-degli-anni-trenta-gli-artisti-e-la-persecuzione-nazista\/","title":{"rendered":"German musicals of 1930s: their artists and the nazi persecution"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p>For a few precious years, a decidedly light-hearted, sensual and frivolous spirit swept through German movie theatres. <a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/sezione\/lultima-risata-commedie-musicali-tedesche-1930-32\/\"><strong>The musical comedies of the late Weimar Republic<\/strong><\/a> are some of the hidden gems of that era, presented at this year\u2019s festival. Even more than other genres of German cinema of the Weimar Republic, the Tonfilmlustspiel is inextricably linked to the work of <strong>Jewish directors, screenwriters, producers, composers and actors<\/strong>, who had found the blossoming cultural metropolis Berlin to be a welcoming place during the 1920s. Their fate mirrors the fate of German Jewry in general. Some managed to escape, others, tragically, did not make it out of Europe in time and were killed in the concentration camps. Here are the stories of some of the artists whose work we will be able to admire during the festival.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>MAX HANSEN<br \/>\n(Mannheim, 22 december 1897 \u2013 Copenaghen, 12 november 1961)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/max-hansen.jpeg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-0\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-67115 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/max-hansen-150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/max-hansen-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/max-hansen.jpeg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Max Hansen grew to prominence as a <strong>stage actor, comedian and singer<\/strong> in the 1920s. His multiple talents are also evident in his sound films of the early 1930s, which often have him singing his popular tunes and engaging in unscripted comedy routines. After the Nazi takeover, his career in German cinema quickly dissipated. Hansen resettled first in Austria and later in his mother\u2019s homeland of Denmark. There he was able to survive the German occupation and the Second World War thanks to a <strong>forged \u2018Aryan certificate\u2019 \u2013 the identity of his Jewish father was kept hidden even from Hansen\u2019s own children<\/strong>. The actor managed to resume his career appearing in a string of Swedish films throughout the 1940s and early 1950s.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>FRITZ KORTNER<br \/>\n(Vienna, 12 may 1892 \u2013 Monaco di Baviera, 22 july 1970)<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/fritz-kortner.jpeg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-1\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-67114\" src=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/fritz-kortner-150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/fritz-kortner-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/fritz-kortner.jpeg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Fritz Kortner was one of the prominent personalities of the German theatrical scene of the 1920s, both as an <strong>actor<\/strong> and as a <strong>director<\/strong>. At this year&#8217;s festival we will present <strong><em>So ein Ma\u0308del vergisst man nicht<\/em><\/strong>. In this film, Kortner\u2019s tender and buoyant vision of life as theatre was a big hit with audiences. It did not have much room to breathe, though: A few days after its first public screening in Berlin on 20 January, 1933, Hitler was appointed Reich Chancellor and another kind of staged reality began to evolve. Kortner, on tour in Scandinavia at the time and a target of antisemitic attacks for years, decided not to return to Germany and did not direct another film until 1955.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>RENATE M\u00dcLLER<br \/>\n(Monaco di Baviera, 26 april 1906 \u2013 Berlino, 7 october 1937)<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/renate-muller.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-2\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-67118\" src=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/renate-muller-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/renate-muller-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/renate-muller.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Born in Monaco in an educated and wealthy family, Renate M\u00fcller started her acting career when she was just 18. She entered <strong>Max Reinhardt<\/strong>&#8216;s drama school, where she studied under the guidance of\u00a0<strong>Georg Wilhelm Pabst<\/strong>, who introduced her to the theatre scene in Berlin. After a few years, she debuted in cinema, too. At the festival, we&#8217;ll se her as the main character in the film <strong><i>Die Privatsekret\u00e4rin<\/i><\/strong>, a muiscal comedy so successfull that lead to the production of remakes in three different countries: an american version, <em>Sunshine Susie<\/em>, played by M\u00fcller herself, a french and an italian one. Long pursued by the Nazi Party, that wanted to make her the new Marlene Dietrich, she always refused to take part to propaganda film. Goebbels, suspicious, put a tail on her and found out the she had a relationship with a jew actor. Renate M\u00fcller <strong>died when she was only 31 in ambigous circumstances<\/strong>: her death was declared to be caused by an epileptic seizure, but it has been speculated that she could have been executed by Gestapo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>MAX PALLENBERG<br \/>\n(Vienna,\u00a018 dicembre\u00a01877\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Karlovy Vary,\u00a026 giugno\u00a01934)<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/max-pallenberg.jpeg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-3\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-67116\" src=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/max-pallenberg-150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/max-pallenberg-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/max-pallenberg.jpeg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Max Pallenberg\u2019s association with cinema was only fleeting, but as a <strong>stage comedian<\/strong> he had no equal in the 1910s and 1920s. \u201cA devil, a derailed god, a great artist,\u201d according to Kurt Tucholsky, exploring the \u201cthreshold, beyond which comedy turns into terror\u201d. He worked with the leading stage di- rectors of his time, including <strong>Max Reinhardt<\/strong> and <strong>Erwin Piscator<\/strong>. Without <em>Der brave Su\u0308nder<\/em> (1931) we would have no access to the unique art of this expert in improvisation. He was married to Fritzi Massary, the greatest operetta diva of the times. In late 1932 the couple, who had been idolised by the audiences of Berlin, emigrated to Vienna. Pallenberg died in a plane crash in 1934, and Massary fled to the US after Germany annexed Austria.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>ERICH POMMER<br \/>\n(Hildesheim,\u00a020 luglio\u00a01889\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Los Angeles,\u00a08 maggio\u00a01966)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/erich-pommer.jpeg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-4\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-67113 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/erich-pommer-150x150.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/erich-pommer-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/erich-pommer.jpeg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Hardly anybody left a bigger imprint on the cinema of the Weimar republic than Erich Pommer. Having entered the film industry as early as 1907, he grew to prominence as the driving creative force of newly founded mega production company UFA in the 1920s, the key enabler of classics such as Friedrich Murnau\u2019s <em><strong>The Last Laugh<\/strong><\/em> (1924) and Fritz Lang\u2019s <em><strong>Metropolis<\/strong><\/em> (1926). After a first unsuccessful stint in Hollywood, he engineered the rise of the Tonfilmlustspiel at UFA. After the Nazi takeover, his contract was quickly annulled, and Pommer, <strong>racially defined a Jew by the German government, went into exile, first to France, then to the US<\/strong>, where he fell on hard times in the early 1940s, having to <strong>sell glassware handpainted by his wife to make ends meet<\/strong>. Later, he managed to resume his career both in the US and in Europe, but on a much smaller scale.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>OTTO WALBURG<br \/>\n(Berlino,\u00a021 febbraio\u00a01889\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Auschwitz,\u00a029 ottobre\u00a01944)<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/otto-walburg.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-5\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-67117\" src=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/otto-walburg-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/otto-walburg-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/otto-walburg.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Otto Wallburg was <strong>one of the most iconic character actors of his generation<\/strong>, and a mainstay in the musical comedy genre. We will be able to admire his art in two films: <strong><em>Das Lied Ist Aus<\/em><\/strong> by Ge\u0301za von Bolva\u0301ry and <strong><em>Ihre Majest\u00e4t die liebe<\/em> by<\/strong> Joe May. After the Nazi takeover, he loose his contract with the UFA and even his work as a theatre actor in Berlin. He managed to continue his acting career in Frankfurt for a while, but then he had to flew from Germany to Austria. There, he worked in cinema and theatre until 1938. After the Anschluss, he tried to escape in the Netherlands, but when also the Netherlands was annexed to Germany he has been arrested and deported to the <strong>Auschwitz concentration camp<\/strong>, where he died.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Italiano. Per alcuni preziosi anni le sale cinematografiche tedesche furono attraversate da uno spirito decisamente spensierato, sensuale e frivolo. Le commedie musicali della tarda Repubblica di Weimar che presenteremo al festival sono alcune perle nascoste di quell\u2019epoca. Ancor piu\u0300 di altri generi del cinema di Weimar, la commedia [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":66966,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1338],"tags":[1332,271,1947,93],"class_list":["post-67108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-approfondimenti","tag-cinema-tedesco","tag-il-cinema-ritrovato","tag-il-cinema-ritrovato-2022","tag-musical"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67108"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67108\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67679,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67108\/revisions\/67679"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilcinemaritrovato.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}